Cutaneous warts are benign growths caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). They are most commonly found on hands, feet, and other areas subjected to friction. Most warts resolve within 2 years, but treatment can be considered if desired for comfort, aesthetics, etc.
Note that these over-the-counter recommendations do not apply to genital warts as they can lead to scarring, infection, or significant pain.
First-line recommendations:
Salicylic acid: Softens and exfoliates the wart. Solution or patch (17-40%): Apply daily after soaking the wart in warm water for 5-10 minutes. Salicylic acid 17% gel (FDA M028).
Cryotherapy: Freezing the wart with dimethyl ether and propane products. This can be done at home for small warts or in the doctor’s office with liquid nitrogen. FDA-cleared Cryotherapy (FDA 510(k) K052259).
Medical interventions:
Photodynamic Therapy: Uses a photosensitizing agent and light to destroy wart tissue.
Topical Immunotherapy: Activates the immune system to attack the wart.
Laser Therapy: Targets and destroys wart tissue with focused light.
Surgical Removal: Physically excises or cauterizes the wart.
Citations:
Mulhem E, Pinelis S. Treatment of nongenital cutaneous warts. Am Fam Physician. 2011; 84(3): p.288-93. pmid: 21842775.