[45M] Experiencing persistent migraine with aura and brain fog

Patient Description

A 45-year-old male has been suffering from a persistent migraine with frontal pain, rated 8 out of 10 in severity, for the past 2 months. The headache is affected by weather changes and pressure, and the patient often wakes up with it, though the timing varies. Accompanying the headache is an aura, dizziness upon standing, forgetfulness, and severe fatigue. The patient has a family history of migraines on his father's side. Relief from Excedrin is minimal and has led to gastrointestinal discomfort due to frequent use. The patient is on a daily regimen of 40mg Propranolol for heart rhythm regulation. There is no history of severe headache with fever, neck stiffness, or neurological deficits, and no known drug allergies or other medications reported.

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Arora's Assessment

What might be happening

Based on the information you've provided, possible diagnoses include:

  • Chronic Migraine: Migraines are a type of headache characterized by severe pain that can be preceded by an "aura" of sensory disturbances. Chronic migraines are defined as having a headache on 15 or more days per month for at least three months. The exact cause is unknown, but it's thought to involve changes in chemicals and blood vessels in the brain. A key feature of your description that suggests migraines is the presence of an aura.

    • Treatment typically involves a combination of medications to alleviate the symptoms of acute attacks and prevent future attacks. Non-drug treatments, such as cognitive behavioral therapy, relaxation techniques, and lifestyle changes, can also be helpful.
  • Medication Overuse Headache: This is a chronic headache that can occur from overuse of pain medications. It's also known as a "rebound headache." You mentioned that you've been taking Excedrin frequently, which could potentially contribute to this type of headache.

    • Treatment involves reducing or stopping the overused medications under the guidance of a healthcare provider.
  • Vertigo: This is a sensation of feeling off balance and is often caused by problems in the inner ear or brain. You mentioned feeling dizzy when standing up, which could be a symptom of vertigo.

    • Treatment depends on the cause and severity of the symptoms. It may include medications, physical therapy maneuvers, or addressing underlying conditions.

Please note that these are possibilities based on the information you've provided, and the exact cause of your symptoms can only be determined by a healthcare provider.

What you can do

  1. Consult a healthcare provider: Given the severity and duration of your symptoms, it's important to seek medical attention. Your healthcare provider can conduct a thorough evaluation, order necessary tests, and determine the most appropriate treatment for you.

  2. Monitor your symptoms: Keep a headache diary to track the frequency, duration, severity, and triggers of your headaches. This can help your healthcare provider understand your condition better.

  3. Lifestyle changes: Regular physical activity, a healthy diet, adequate hydration, and good sleep hygiene can help manage headaches. Try to avoid known triggers.

  4. Medication review: Discuss your current medication use, including the frequency of Excedrin use, with your healthcare provider. They can assess whether medication overuse could be contributing to your headaches and advise on safe use.

What you should look out for

Seek immediate medical attention if you experience:

  • A sudden, severe headache like a "thunderclap"
  • Headache with a fever, stiff neck, mental confusion, seizures, double vision, weakness, numbness, or speaking difficulties
  • Headache after a head injury, especially if it worsens
  • A chronic headache that is worse after coughing, exertion, straining, or a sudden movement
  • New headache pain if you're over 50

Remember, this advice is intended to be general in nature, and specific causes may not apply to your situation. Always consult with a healthcare provider for appropriate examination, testing, and care recommendations.

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10 mo ago

People Also Ask


What are the common triggers for migraines and how can they be managed?

Common triggers for migraines include stress, certain foods and drinks, changes in sleep patterns, hormonal changes, and weather changes. Managing these triggers involves identifying and avoiding them, maintaining a regular sleep schedule, managing stress through relaxation techniques, and keeping a headache diary to track potential triggers.


How can medication overuse lead to headaches, and what are the steps to prevent it?

Medication overuse headache occurs when pain relief medications are used too frequently, leading to a cycle of headaches. To prevent it, it's important to use medications as prescribed, limit the use of over-the-counter pain relievers, and consult a healthcare provider for a proper treatment plan.


What are the symptoms of vertigo and how is it typically treated?

Symptoms of vertigo include a sensation of spinning, dizziness, balance problems, and nausea. Treatment depends on the cause and may include medications, physical therapy maneuvers like the Epley maneuver, or addressing underlying conditions such as inner ear disorders.


What lifestyle changes can help in managing chronic migraines?

Lifestyle changes that can help manage chronic migraines include regular physical activity, maintaining a healthy diet, staying hydrated, ensuring good sleep hygiene, and avoiding known migraine triggers. Stress management techniques such as yoga, meditation, and cognitive behavioral therapy can also be beneficial.


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