[50F] Experiencing dizziness and brain fog

Patient Description

A 50-year-old female reports experiencing lightheadedness and brain fog for a couple of months. The lightheadedness, rated 8 out of 10 in severity, worsens upon standing up from a sitting position and with walking, but improves when lying down. These symptoms are most prominent in the morning and afternoon. Additionally, the patient has a partial loss of smell, a condition persisting for over a year since having COVID-19, with no smells or distorted smells. The patient has a medical history of hypothyroidism, diagnosed in February 2023, and is currently on 25 mg of levothyroxine. She also has a long-standing anxiety disorder managed with 10 mg of Lexapro. There is a noted allergy to sulfa drugs. No other medications are being taken, and there are no recent episodes of chest pain, shortness of breath, loss of consciousness, or fainting.

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Arora's Assessment

What might be happening

Based on the information you've provided, possible explanations for your symptoms include:

  • Orthostatic Hypotension: This condition is characterized by a sudden drop in blood pressure when you stand up from a sitting or lying position. This can cause dizziness and lightheadedness, especially upon standing. It can be more common in people with certain health conditions, medications, or age.

    • Treatment typically involves lifestyle modifications such as standing up slowly, staying hydrated, and avoiding alcohol.
  • Anxiety Disorders: Chronic anxiety can cause a variety of physical symptoms, including dizziness and lightheadedness. The brain fog you're experiencing could also be related to your anxiety.

    • Treatment typically involves a combination of medication (which you're already on) and psychotherapy.
  • Hypothyroidism: Although you're being treated for this condition, if your thyroid hormone levels are not well-controlled, it could potentially contribute to your symptoms.

    • Treatment involves taking thyroid hormone replacement (which you're already doing). It may be worth checking with your doctor to ensure your dose is still appropriate.
  • Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), also known as Long COVID: Some people who have recovered from COVID-19 continue to experience symptoms or develop new ones, like the loss of smell you mentioned. Brain fog is also a commonly reported symptom.

    • Treatment is largely supportive and symptom-based as researchers are still trying to understand this condition.

What you can do

While waiting for your appointment with your doctor, here are some things you can do:

  1. Stand up slowly from a sitting or lying position. This can help prevent a sudden drop in blood pressure that might be causing your dizziness.
  2. Stay hydrated and avoid alcohol, as these can also affect your blood pressure.
  3. Continue taking your medications as prescribed.
  4. Try to identify any triggers for your anxiety and practice stress management techniques, such as deep breathing, yoga, or meditation.
  5. Keep a symptom diary to track when your symptoms occur, what you're doing when they happen, and anything that makes them better or worse. This can be helpful information for your doctor.

What you should look out for

Please seek immediate medical attention if you:

  • Experience a sudden severe headache, difficulty speaking, weakness on one side of your body, or other signs of a stroke
  • Have chest pain or trouble breathing
  • Faint or lose consciousness
  • Notice that your symptoms are getting significantly worse or are interfering with your daily activities

Remember, while I strive to provide accurate information, I'm an AI and not a doctor. It's important to consult with a healthcare professional who can evaluate your symptoms and condition in person.

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11 mo ago

Top picked over-the-counter products for Orthostatic Hypotension: American Heart Association Guidelines

People Also Ask


What is orthostatic hypotension and how can it be managed?

Orthostatic hypotension is a condition where blood pressure drops significantly when standing up from sitting or lying down, causing dizziness or lightheadedness. Management includes lifestyle changes like standing up slowly, staying hydrated, and avoiding alcohol.


Can anxiety cause physical symptoms like dizziness and brain fog?

Yes, anxiety can cause physical symptoms such as dizziness and brain fog. These symptoms can result from the body's stress response and may be managed with medication and psychotherapy.


How does hypothyroidism affect the body and what are its symptoms?

Hypothyroidism is a condition where the thyroid gland doesn't produce enough hormones, leading to symptoms like fatigue, weight gain, and brain fog. Treatment typically involves hormone replacement therapy.


What is Long COVID and what symptoms are associated with it?

Long COVID, or Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), refers to lingering symptoms after recovering from COVID-19. Common symptoms include fatigue, brain fog, and loss of smell, and treatment is generally supportive.


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