[49F] Experiencing abdominal discomfort, leg swelling, and elevated liver enzymes

Patient Description

A 49-year-old female presents with a year-long history of middle abdominal discomfort characterized by pressure, bloating, and tenderness, which worsens after eating and improves with fasting. The discomfort is rated 7/10 in severity. Concurrently, the patient has noticed progressive lower leg, ankle, and feet swelling throughout the day, which is noticeable but does not impede activity. Additionally, the patient reports elevated liver enzymes (ALT, AST, and GGT) for the same duration. The patient also experiences mild itchiness primarily affecting the face and abdomen, which started a few months ago. Changes in mental state, such as confusion or difficulty concentrating, and alterations in urine and stool color have been observed. There is no history of jaundice. The patient denies any known allergies or current medication use, and there is no reported history of similar symptoms or chronic illnesses.

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Arora's Assessment

What might be happening

Based on the symptoms you've described, the following conditions may be possible:

  • Liver Disease: The combination of elevated liver enzymes, abdominal discomfort, leg swelling, and itchy skin suggest a liver condition. This could be due to many causes such as viral hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, or non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Liver disease can lead to cirrhosis, which is scarring of the liver tissue and can cause symptoms such as spider angiomas.

    • Liver function tests, imaging studies, and possibly a liver biopsy may be needed for diagnosis. Treatment depends on the underlying cause and may involve lifestyle changes, medications, or in severe cases, liver transplantation.
  • Malabsorption Syndromes: Conditions like celiac disease or pancreatic insufficiency can cause light-colored, fatty stools and abdominal discomfort. However, these conditions usually also cause weight loss and nutritional deficiencies.

    • Diagnosis typically involves blood tests, stool tests, and possibly endoscopy. Treatment involves managing the underlying condition and supplementing any nutritional deficiencies.

What you can do

  1. Schedule an appointment with your healthcare provider. They can order the necessary tests and refer you to a specialist if needed.
  2. Keep a symptom diary. Note what you eat, when you experience abdominal discomfort, and any other symptoms. This can help identify patterns and potential triggers.
  3. Maintain a balanced diet and regular exercise routine. This can help manage your symptoms and improve your overall health.

What you should look out for

Seek immediate medical attention if you experience:

  • Severe abdominal pain
  • Bloody or black stools
  • Yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice)
  • Sudden mental confusion

Please remember, this advice is intended to be general in nature, and specific causes may not apply to your situation. Always consult with a healthcare provider for appropriate examination, testing, and care.

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1 yr ago

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People Also Ask


What could cause elevated liver enzymes along with abdominal discomfort and swelling in the legs?

Elevated liver enzymes, abdominal discomfort, and leg swelling can be indicative of liver disease. Conditions such as viral hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, or non-alcoholic fatty liver disease can cause these symptoms. The liver's impaired function can lead to fluid retention and abdominal issues.


How can liver disease lead to symptoms like itchiness and changes in mental state?

Liver disease can cause itchiness due to the buildup of bile salts in the bloodstream. Changes in mental state, such as confusion, can occur due to hepatic encephalopathy, where toxins that the liver normally removes accumulate in the brain.


What are some common tests used to diagnose liver conditions?

Common tests for diagnosing liver conditions include liver function tests (to measure enzyme levels), imaging studies like ultrasound or CT scans, and sometimes a liver biopsy to assess liver tissue directly.


What lifestyle changes can help manage symptoms of liver disease?

Lifestyle changes that can help manage liver disease symptoms include maintaining a balanced diet low in fats and sugars, avoiding alcohol, engaging in regular physical activity, and monitoring weight. These changes can help reduce liver strain and improve overall health.


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