[40M] With persistent dry cough post-influenza

Patient Description

A 40-year-old male presents with a persistent dry cough that has been ongoing for approximately 3 years, following a severe bout of influenza. The cough is described as moderate in severity, worsening with intake of food or drink, and when the patient is tired or exhausted. The patient reports temporary relief of symptoms when using inhaled steroids such as Flovent, but the cough returns upon cessation of the medication. There is no associated production of phlegm, fever, chills, or other systemic symptoms. The patient's medical history is unremarkable with no known chronic illnesses, allergies, or adverse reactions to medications. Lung imaging, including X-ray and CT scan, has not revealed any abnormalities.

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Arora's Assessment

What might be happening

Based on the information you've provided, here are a few possible explanations for your symptoms:

  • Chronic bronchitis: This is a type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) that causes a long-term cough with mucus. However, you mentioned that your cough is dry and there's no phlegm, which makes this less likely.

    • Treatment usually involves medications to help open the airways and improve lung function, such as bronchodilators and steroids.
  • Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD): This is a digestive disorder that occurs when acidic stomach juices, or food and fluids back up from the stomach into the esophagus. GERD is a more severe form of reflux that can also cause a dry cough, especially after eating or drinking.

    • Treatment typically involves lifestyle changes and over-the-counter medications. In some cases, prescription medications or surgery might be needed.
  • Postnasal drip: This is when excess mucus from your nose drips down the back of your throat. This can cause a cough, often worse at night. However, this usually comes with other symptoms like a runny or stuffy nose, which you didn't mention.

    • Treatment usually involves addressing the cause of the excess mucus, such as allergies or sinusitis.
  • Asthma: This is a condition in which your airways narrow and swell and produce extra mucus. This can make breathing difficult and trigger coughing, wheezing and shortness of breath. You mentioned that your cough improves with steroids, which are often used to treat asthma.

    • Treatment typically involves long-term asthma control medications, inhaled corticosteroids, and rescue inhalers for quick symptom relief.

What you can do

  1. Keep a diary of when your cough gets worse. This can help identify any triggers or patterns, such as certain foods or times of day.
  2. Try over-the-counter cough suppressants to help control your cough.
  3. Stay hydrated and use a humidifier to help soothe your throat and reduce coughing.
  4. Avoid exposure to irritants such as smoke and dust.

Remember, it's important to consult with a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and treatment.

What you should look out for

If your cough becomes severe, you start coughing up blood, or you experience other symptoms such as unexplained weight loss, shortness of breath, or chest pain, seek medical attention immediately.

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11 mo ago

People Also Ask


What are the common causes of a persistent dry cough?

Common causes of a persistent dry cough include asthma, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), postnasal drip, and certain medications like ACE inhibitors. It can also be due to environmental factors such as smoking or exposure to irritants.


How can GERD lead to a chronic cough?

GERD can lead to a chronic cough because the acid from the stomach can irritate the lining of the esophagus and throat, triggering a cough reflex. This is often worse after eating or when lying down.


Why might inhaled steroids provide temporary relief for a dry cough?

Inhaled steroids can provide temporary relief for a dry cough by reducing inflammation in the airways, which is a common feature in conditions like asthma. This helps to open up the airways and reduce coughing.


What lifestyle changes can help manage symptoms of GERD?

Lifestyle changes to manage GERD symptoms include eating smaller meals, avoiding foods and drinks that trigger reflux (such as spicy foods, alcohol, and caffeine), not lying down immediately after eating, losing weight if overweight, and elevating the head of the bed.


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