[21F] Experiencing irregular vaginal bleeding and upper respiratory symptoms

Patient Description

A 21-year-old female reports heavy vaginal bleeding lasting about 3 days, occurring at random intervals every two weeks, which started during the use of birth control and has continued after cessation. She also experiences a sore throat and runny nose. The patient has a history of anemia diagnosed five months ago following childbirth six months prior. She has been sexually active with unprotected intercourse. No severe pain, excessive bleeding, or symptoms of severe anemia like dizziness or shortness of breath are reported. No known drug allergies or current medications.

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Arora's Assessment

What might be happening

Based on the information you've provided, possible explanations for your symptoms include:

  • Hormonal Imbalance: Changes in your hormones can cause irregular bleeding, especially if it started when you were on birth control. Hormonal imbalances can occur due to various reasons such as stress, significant weight loss or gain, or certain medical conditions.

    • Treatment typically involves addressing the underlying cause and may include hormonal therapies.
  • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): This is a common condition characterized by hormonal imbalance, irregular periods, and small cysts on the ovaries. It can cause heavy bleeding and is often associated with symptoms like weight gain, acne, and excessive hair growth.

    • Treatment often involves lifestyle changes and medications to manage symptoms and prevent complications.
  • Uterine Fibroids or Polyps: These are noncancerous growths in the uterus that can cause heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding.

    • Treatment can range from watchful waiting to medication or surgery, depending on the size, number, and location of the fibroids or polyps.
  • Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs): Some STIs can cause irregular bleeding. Given your history of unprotected sex, this is a possibility.

    • Treatment typically involves antibiotics or antiviral medications.

Please note, these are just possibilities and not a definitive diagnosis. It's important to consult with a healthcare provider for an accurate diagnosis.

What you can do

  1. Schedule an appointment with a healthcare provider: They can perform a physical examination and may order tests such as blood tests, ultrasound, or biopsy to determine the cause of your symptoms.

  2. Keep track of your symptoms: Note the frequency, duration, and severity of your bleeding, as well as any other symptoms you're experiencing. This information can be helpful to your healthcare provider.

  3. Practice safe sex: Use condoms to reduce your risk of STIs.

What you should look out for

Seek immediate medical attention if you experience:

  • Severe abdominal or pelvic pain
  • Heavy bleeding that soaks through one or more sanitary pads or tampons every hour for several hours
  • Dizziness, lightheadedness, or signs of shock (such as rapid heartbeat, shortness of breath, or pale, clammy skin)

Remember, this advice is intended to be general in nature, and specific causes may not apply to your situation. Always consult with a healthcare provider for accurate information.

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11 mo ago

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People Also Ask


What could cause irregular and heavy vaginal bleeding after stopping birth control?

Irregular and heavy vaginal bleeding after stopping birth control can be caused by hormonal imbalances as the body adjusts to the absence of synthetic hormones. Other potential causes include conditions like PCOS, uterine fibroids, or polyps. It's important to consult a healthcare provider for an accurate diagnosis.


How can hormonal imbalances affect menstrual cycles?

Hormonal imbalances can disrupt the regularity and flow of menstrual cycles, leading to symptoms such as irregular periods, heavy bleeding, or spotting between periods. These imbalances can be due to stress, weight changes, or medical conditions like PCOS.


What are the symptoms and treatment options for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)?

PCOS is characterized by hormonal imbalances, irregular periods, and sometimes cysts on the ovaries. Symptoms may include weight gain, acne, and excessive hair growth. Treatment often involves lifestyle changes, such as diet and exercise, and medications to manage symptoms and prevent complications.


How can sexually transmitted infections (STIs) lead to irregular bleeding?

STIs can cause inflammation and irritation of the reproductive organs, leading to irregular bleeding. Some STIs, like chlamydia and gonorrhea, can cause bleeding between periods or after intercourse. Treatment typically involves antibiotics or antiviral medications, and it's important to practice safe sex to prevent STIs.


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