[18F] Missed period after taking emergency contraceptive

Patient Description

An 18-year-old female reports missing her period by a few days following unprotected sex and taking emergency contraceptive pills on the same day and again the next morning. She has not experienced any unusual vaginal discharge, spotting, breast tenderness, or changes in her breasts. Her periods usually take a long time to arrive and last for a long time. She has not taken a pregnancy test yet but is willing to do so. She is currently taking iron tablets once a day and has no other medications, allergies, or pre-existing conditions.

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Arora's Assessment

What might be happening

Based on the information you have provided, here are some possible explanations for your missed period:

  • Emergency Contraceptive Side Effects: Emergency contraceptives, like the ones you took, can cause changes in your menstrual cycle. This can include a delayed period, spotting, or a heavier or lighter period than usual. These side effects are generally temporary.

    • Typical Treatments/Testing: No specific treatment is needed for these side effects. Your period should normalize in the next cycle. If it doesn't, consult a healthcare provider.
  • Pregnancy: Even though you took emergency contraception, there is still a small chance of pregnancy. Emergency contraceptives are not 100% effective.

    • Typical Treatments/Testing: Taking a home pregnancy test can help determine if you are pregnant. If the test is positive, consult a healthcare provider for further guidance.
  • Stress and Lifestyle Factors: Stress, significant changes in weight, or other lifestyle factors can also affect your menstrual cycle.

    • Typical Treatments/Testing: Managing stress through relaxation techniques, maintaining a healthy diet, and regular exercise can help regulate your cycle.

What you can do

  1. Take a Home Pregnancy Test: This is the most immediate step to rule out pregnancy. Follow the instructions on the test kit carefully.
  2. Monitor Your Symptoms: Keep track of any other symptoms you might experience, such as changes in vaginal discharge, breast tenderness, or abdominal pain.
  3. Stay Hydrated and Maintain a Healthy Diet: This can help your body recover from any stress or changes it has undergone.
  4. Use MDandMe: You can use MDandMe to journal your symptoms, track your menstrual cycle, and share this information with your healthcare provider.

What you should look out for

  • Persistent Missed Periods: If you miss more than one period, it is important to consult a healthcare provider.
  • Severe Abdominal Pain or Heavy Bleeding: These could be signs of a more serious condition and should be evaluated by a healthcare provider immediately.
  • Positive Pregnancy Test: If your home pregnancy test is positive, schedule an appointment with a healthcare provider to discuss your options and next steps.

Remember, while I can provide information and suggestions, it is important to consult a healthcare provider for a formal diagnosis and treatment plan.

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5 mo ago


People Also Ask


Can emergency contraceptive pills delay your period?

Yes, emergency contraceptive pills can cause changes in your menstrual cycle, including a delayed period. These changes are usually temporary and your cycle should normalize in the next cycle.


How effective are emergency contraceptive pills in preventing pregnancy?

Emergency contraceptive pills are about 85-95% effective when taken as directed, but they are not 100% effective. The sooner they are taken after unprotected sex, the more effective they are.


What are some common side effects of taking emergency contraceptive pills?

Common side effects of emergency contraceptive pills include changes in your menstrual cycle, nausea, fatigue, headache, dizziness, and breast tenderness. These side effects are generally temporary.


When should you take a pregnancy test after taking emergency contraception?

It is recommended to take a home pregnancy test if your period is more than a week late after taking emergency contraception. Follow the instructions on the test kit for accurate results.

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