[37F] Experiencing sore throat and cough

Patient Description

A 37-year-old female presents with a sore throat described as rough, worsening with coughing, and has been persistent for approximately 12 hours. The patient has been using lozenges and spray for symptomatic relief. The cough is moderate in severity, extremely painful, and has been present for 8 hours, producing minimal mucus. There is some redness in the throat but no white patches, swelling, difficulty swallowing, or swollen lymph nodes. The patient also reports muscle aches, fatigue, and a slight headache but no fever, chills, or sinus pressure. She has been in close contact with someone who was sick recently. The patient confirms receiving a flu shot this season and does not report the use of tobacco, alcohol, or other substances.

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Arora's Assessment

What might be happening

Based on the information you've provided, here are a few possibilities:

  • Common Cold: This is a viral infection of your nose and throat. It's usually harmless, although it might not feel that way. Many types of viruses can cause a common cold. Symptoms might include a runny or stuffy nose, sore throat, cough, congestion, slight body aches or a mild headache, sneezing, low-grade fever, and generally feeling unwell (malaise).

    • Treatment: The common cold is self-limiting, which means it will go away on its own. Rest, hydration, and over-the-counter cold remedies can help manage symptoms.
  • Influenza (Flu): This is a viral infection that attacks your respiratory system — your nose, throat and lungs. Influenza is commonly called the flu, but it's not the same as stomach "flu" viruses that cause diarrhea and vomiting. It can cause fever, cough, sore throat, runny or stuffy nose, muscle or body aches, headaches, and fatigue.

    • Treatment: Antiviral drugs can be used to treat the flu, but they are not a substitute for annual flu vaccination. Over-the-counter remedies can also help manage symptoms.
  • COVID-19: This is a viral infection caused by a new coronavirus introduced to humans for the first time. It is spread from person to person mainly through the droplets produced when an infected person speaks, coughs or sneezes. It can cause symptoms similar to the common cold and the flu, such as cough, fever, and fatigue.

    • Treatment: Most people with mild COVID-19 recover on their own by resting, drinking fluids, and taking pain and fever medications. However, some people may become seriously ill and need hospital care.

What you can do

  1. Rest and hydrate: Make sure you're getting plenty of sleep and drinking lots of fluids. This can help your body recover faster.
  2. Over-the-counter remedies: These can help manage your symptoms. For example, lozenges or a spray can soothe a sore throat, while a decongestant can help with a stuffy nose.
  3. Isolate: If you're feeling unwell and have symptoms of a respiratory infection, it's important to stay away from others as much as possible to avoid spreading the illness.

What you should look out for

Reasons to seek medical attention immediately:

  • Difficulty breathing or shortness of breath
  • Persistent pain or pressure in your chest
  • New confusion or inability to arouse
  • Bluish lips or face

Please remember that this advice is based on the information you've provided and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare provider for a formal diagnosis and treatment.

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10 mo ago

People Also Ask


What are the common symptoms of a cold versus the flu?

Common cold symptoms include a runny or stuffy nose, sore throat, cough, congestion, slight body aches, mild headache, sneezing, and malaise. Flu symptoms are similar but often more severe, including fever, chills, muscle or body aches, headaches, and fatigue.


How can I differentiate between COVID-19 and a common cold?

COVID-19 and the common cold can have overlapping symptoms like cough and fatigue. However, COVID-19 may also include symptoms like loss of taste or smell, fever, and more severe respiratory issues. Testing is the most reliable way to differentiate between them.


What over-the-counter remedies can help alleviate a sore throat?

Over-the-counter remedies for a sore throat include lozenges, throat sprays, and pain relievers like acetaminophen or ibuprofen. Staying hydrated and using a humidifier can also help soothe the throat.


When should I seek medical attention for respiratory symptoms?

Seek medical attention if you experience difficulty breathing, persistent chest pain or pressure, new confusion, inability to wake or stay awake, or bluish lips or face.


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