[32M] With sudden onset of severe shortness of breath and fatigue

Patient Description

A 32-year-old male presents with sudden onset of severe shortness of breath and fatigue persisting for four days. The patient reports chest and neck tightness, difficulty breathing, and fatigue exacerbated by daily activities such as walking fast or lifting. Symptoms improve when sitting down. The patient has a 13-year history of smoking approximately 7 cigarettes per day but denies any history of lung conditions such as asthma or COPD. No recent illnesses, infections, or exposure to new environments or respiratory irritants were reported. The patient has not undergone any breathing tests or imaging studies for lung assessment. There is no swelling in the legs or ankles, and the patient denies any recent weight loss but reports experiencing night sweats. No known allergies or adverse reactions to medications, and the patient is not currently on any medications.

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Arora's Assessment

What might be happening

Based on the symptoms you've described, there are a few serious conditions that could be causing your symptoms:

  1. Heart Attack: The combination of chest pain, tightness, and shortness of breath, especially with a history of smoking, could indicate a heart attack. This is a medical emergency, and immediate treatment is crucial to prevent damage to your heart.

  2. Pulmonary Embolism: This occurs when a blood clot travels to the lungs, causing sudden shortness of breath, chest pain, and sometimes wheezing. It is a life-threatening condition that requires urgent medical attention.

  3. Pneumothorax (Collapsed Lung): Sudden chest pain and difficulty breathing can also be caused by a collapsed lung, which can occur spontaneously, especially in smokers.

  4. Severe Asthma or COPD Exacerbation: Although you haven't been diagnosed with these conditions, the wheezing and difficulty breathing could suggest a severe asthma attack or COPD exacerbation, which can be life-threatening without prompt treatment.

What you can do

Given the severity and sudden onset of your symptoms, it is crucial to seek immediate medical attention. Here are some steps you should take:

  • Call 911 or Emergency Services: Do not attempt to drive yourself to the hospital. Call for an ambulance so that you can receive medical care on the way to the hospital if needed.

  • Stay Calm and Rest: While waiting for emergency services, try to stay as calm as possible and rest in a comfortable position, preferably sitting up, to help ease your breathing.

  • Avoid Smoking: Do not smoke or expose yourself to smoke, as this can worsen your symptoms.

  • Inform Medical Personnel: When help arrives, inform them of your symptoms, smoking history, and any other relevant information.

Remember, these symptoms are potentially life-threatening, and it is important to get evaluated by healthcare professionals as soon as possible.

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1 mo ago

People Also Ask


What are the common symptoms of a heart attack?

Common symptoms of a heart attack include chest pain or discomfort, shortness of breath, pain or discomfort in the jaw, neck, back, arms, or shoulders, and feeling weak, light-headed, or faint. It's important to seek immediate medical attention if you suspect a heart attack.


How does smoking affect the risk of developing a pulmonary embolism?

Smoking increases the risk of developing a pulmonary embolism because it can contribute to the formation of blood clots. Smoking damages the lining of blood vessels, which can lead to clot formation and increase the risk of clots traveling to the lungs.


What is a pneumothorax and how is it treated?

A pneumothorax, or collapsed lung, occurs when air leaks into the space between the lung and chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. Treatment may involve observation for small pneumothoraxes, or procedures like needle aspiration or chest tube insertion to remove the air for larger or more severe cases.


Can someone have asthma or COPD without being diagnosed?

Yes, it is possible for someone to have asthma or COPD without being diagnosed, especially if symptoms are mild or infrequent. However, sudden or severe symptoms should be evaluated by a healthcare professional to determine the cause and appropriate treatment.


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