[20M] College athlete with high blood pressure and other symptoms

Patient Description

A 20-year-old male college lacrosse player reports experiencing high blood pressure, trouble sleeping, nicotine usage, and rare chest pains. The patient has been dealing with high blood pressure for about a year, with typical readings around 145/90. He checks his blood pressure approximately once a week. The patient notes increased anxiety and feels that his blood pressure has worsened since starting college. There have been no significant changes to his diet, exercise, or sleep patterns, and he has not been prescribed any medications for his high blood pressure. No recent medical evaluations or tests for high blood pressure have been mentioned.

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Arora's Assessment

What might be happening

Based on the information you've provided, here are some possible explanations for your symptoms:

High Blood Pressure (Hypertension)

  • Primary Hypertension: This is the most common type of high blood pressure and develops gradually over many years. Factors like genetics, poor diet, lack of exercise, and stress can contribute.
  • Secondary Hypertension: This type of high blood pressure is caused by an underlying condition, such as kidney disease, hormonal disorders, or certain medications.

Trouble Sleeping (Insomnia)

  • Stress and Anxiety: College life can be stressful, and anxiety can significantly impact your ability to sleep.
  • Nicotine Use: Nicotine is a stimulant that can interfere with your sleep patterns, making it harder to fall and stay asleep.

Rare Chest Pains

  • Anxiety or Panic Attacks: These can cause chest pain and are often associated with stress and anxiety.
  • Musculoskeletal Pain: This can be due to strain or injury, especially if you are physically active as a lacrosse player.
  • Cardiovascular Issues: Although less likely at your age, it's important to rule out any heart-related causes, especially given your high blood pressure.

What you can do

High Blood Pressure

  • Lifestyle Changes: Incorporate a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins. Reduce your intake of salt, caffeine, and alcohol.
  • Exercise: Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate aerobic activity or 75 minutes of vigorous activity each week.
  • Stress Management: Practice relaxation techniques such as deep breathing, meditation, or yoga.
  • Monitor Your Blood Pressure: Keep a log of your readings and share them with your healthcare provider.

Trouble Sleeping

  • Create a Sleep Routine: Go to bed and wake up at the same time every day, even on weekends.
  • Limit Nicotine and Caffeine: Avoid these stimulants, especially in the hours leading up to bedtime.
  • Create a Relaxing Environment: Make your bedroom conducive to sleep by keeping it dark, quiet, and cool.
  • Seek Professional Help: If your sleep issues persist, consider talking to a healthcare provider or a sleep specialist.

Rare Chest Pains

  • Avoid Triggers: If you notice certain activities or foods trigger your chest pain, try to avoid them.
  • Practice Good Posture: Ensure you maintain good posture, especially during physical activities.
  • Consult a Doctor: Given your high blood pressure, it's important to rule out any serious conditions. A healthcare provider may recommend tests like an ECG or stress test.

What you should look out for

Given your symptoms, it's important to seek medical care if you experience any of the following:

  • Severe or Persistent Chest Pain: Especially if it radiates to your arm, neck, or jaw, or is accompanied by shortness of breath, sweating, or nausea.
  • Severe Headaches or Vision Changes: These can be signs of dangerously high blood pressure.
  • Fainting or Severe Dizziness: This could indicate a serious underlying condition.
  • Unexplained Weight Loss or Fatigue: These could be signs of an underlying health issue.

Remember, while I can provide information and suggestions, it's crucial to consult with a healthcare professional for a formal diagnosis and treatment plan. You can also use MDandMe to journal your symptoms, track progress, get insights, and share longitudinal medical notes with your provider.

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3 mo ago


People Also Ask


What are the common causes of high blood pressure in young adults?

Common causes of high blood pressure in young adults include genetics, stress, poor diet, lack of physical activity, and sometimes underlying health conditions like kidney disease or hormonal imbalances.


How does nicotine use affect sleep patterns?

Nicotine is a stimulant that can disrupt sleep by increasing heart rate and alertness, making it harder to fall asleep and stay asleep. It can also lead to withdrawal symptoms during the night, further affecting sleep quality.


What are the potential causes of chest pain in young athletes?

Potential causes of chest pain in young athletes include musculoskeletal pain from strain or injury, anxiety or panic attacks, and less commonly, cardiovascular issues. It's important to rule out serious conditions, especially if the pain is persistent or severe.


What lifestyle changes can help manage high blood pressure?

Lifestyle changes that can help manage high blood pressure include adopting a balanced diet low in salt and rich in fruits and vegetables, engaging in regular physical activity, managing stress through relaxation techniques, and reducing intake of alcohol and caffeine.


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