[19F] Experiencing significant unexplained weight gain

Patient Description

A 19-year-old female reports a rapid weight gain of 30 pounds within one month, continuing to gain weight over the year despite dietary changes, including eliminating gluten and dairy. The patient had abdominal pain near the kidney while running, which has since resolved. Menstrual cycles are irregular, but no other symptoms such as fatigue, cold intolerance, or constipation were reported. Past medical history includes shin splints, low B12 and calcium levels, and proteinuria diagnosed a few months prior. The patient has allergies to sulfa drugs and animal dander (cats and dogs) but is not currently on any medications.

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Arora's Assessment

What might be happening

Based on the information you've provided, possible explanations for your symptoms include:

  • Hypothyroidism: This condition is characterized by an underactive thyroid gland, which can cause weight gain, fatigue, and menstrual irregularities. However, you did not report experiencing other common symptoms such as cold intolerance, constipation, or dry skin.

    • Diagnosis typically involves a blood test to measure levels of thyroid hormones. Treatment usually involves daily hormone replacement therapy.
  • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): This is a hormonal disorder common among women of reproductive age. Women with PCOS may have infrequent or prolonged menstrual periods. Excess androgen levels can result in physical signs, such as excess facial and body hair. However, you did not report any signs of excess androgen.

    • Diagnosis of PCOS involves ruling out other potential causes of your symptoms and may involve blood tests and an ultrasound. Treatment focuses on managing individual concerns, such as infertility, hirsutism, acne, or obesity.
  • Cushing's Syndrome: This is a condition that occurs from exposure to high cortisol levels for a long time. The most common cause of Cushing's syndrome is the use of oral corticosteroid medication. The condition can also occur when your body makes too much cortisol. Symptoms include weight gain, fatigue, and irregular menstrual cycles. However, you did not report experiencing other common symptoms such as easy bruising, high blood pressure, or a rounded face.

    • Diagnosis typically involves a urine test, blood test, or saliva test to measure cortisol levels. Treatment usually involves reducing cortisol levels through surgery, radiation, or medication.

Please remember, I am an AI and this is not a formal diagnosis. You should consult with a healthcare professional who can evaluate your symptoms and medical history.

What you can do

  1. Keep a symptom diary: This can help you and your doctor identify patterns or triggers for your symptoms.
  2. Maintain a balanced diet and regular exercise: These lifestyle changes can help manage your weight and overall health.
  3. Seek medical attention: It's important to consult with a healthcare professional who can evaluate your symptoms and medical history.

What you should look out for

  • If your symptoms worsen or you develop new symptoms
  • If your menstrual irregularities continue or worsen
  • If you experience significant changes in your mood or energy levels

Remember, it's important to consult with a healthcare professional who can evaluate your symptoms and medical history.

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11 mo ago

People Also Ask


What could be causing rapid weight gain despite dietary changes?

Rapid weight gain despite dietary changes can be caused by several conditions, including hormonal imbalances such as hypothyroidism, PCOS, or Cushing's Syndrome. It's important to consult a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment.


How can irregular menstrual cycles be related to weight gain?

Irregular menstrual cycles can be related to weight gain due to hormonal imbalances. Conditions like PCOS or thyroid disorders can affect hormone levels, leading to both weight changes and menstrual irregularities.


What are the common symptoms of Cushing's Syndrome?

Common symptoms of Cushing's Syndrome include weight gain, particularly around the abdomen and face, fatigue, high blood pressure, and irregular menstrual cycles. Other symptoms may include easy bruising and muscle weakness.


How is Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) diagnosed and managed?

PCOS is diagnosed through a combination of medical history, physical examination, blood tests to check hormone levels, and sometimes an ultrasound to look at the ovaries. Management focuses on addressing symptoms such as weight management, regulating menstrual cycles, and managing acne or excess hair growth.


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