[18F] Experiencing intermittent vision loss and confusion

Patient Description

An 18-year-old female reports intermittent episodes of vision loss accompanied by dizziness, a sensation of heat, and leg weakness, leading to complete vision loss lasting 10-20 seconds. These episodes have occurred a few times over the past few years and are alleviated by cooler temperatures or hydration. Additionally, the patient has been experiencing confusion for the past year and a half, which worsens with stress or excitement. This confusion manifests as difficulty understanding spoken language, forming coherent sentences, recalling simple words, and remembering basic directions or familiar names. The patient does not report these symptoms as a daily occurrence.

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Arora's Assessment

What might be happening

Based on the information you've provided, the following conditions could be possible:

  • Dehydration: This can cause symptoms such as thirst, confusion, and even fainting. When you're dehydrated, your body doesn't have enough fluid to work properly, which can lead to a drop in blood pressure and temporary vision loss.

    • Treatment typically involves rehydrating the body by drinking fluids and eating foods high in water content.
  • Heat Exhaustion: This occurs when your body overheats, often as a result of prolonged exposure to high temperatures or physical exertion in high temperatures. Symptoms can include confusion, dizziness, fainting, and excessive sweating. If left untreated, this can lead to heatstroke, a life-threatening condition.

    • Treatment involves cooling the body down as quickly as possible. This can be done by moving to a cooler place, drinking cool fluids, and taking a cool shower or bath.
  • Orthostatic Hypotension: This is a form of low blood pressure that happens when you stand up from sitting or lying down. It can make you feel dizzy, lightheaded, and even faint. In some cases, it can cause temporary vision loss.

    • Treatment usually involves lifestyle changes, such as standing up slowly and avoiding alcohol, which can lower blood pressure further.
  • Anxiety or Panic Disorder: These mental health conditions can cause physical symptoms such as dizziness, lightheadedness, and confusion. In some cases, they can also cause temporary vision loss.

    • Treatment typically involves psychological therapy, medication, and lifestyle changes.

Please remember that these are only possible conditions and not a definitive diagnosis. It's important to consult with a healthcare professional who can evaluate your symptoms and medical history in person.

What you can do

  1. Stay hydrated: Make sure you're drinking enough water each day, especially if you're active or it's hot outside.
  2. Stay cool: Try to stay in cool, shaded areas when it's hot outside. Wear lightweight, loose-fitting clothing and use a fan or air conditioning if possible.
  3. Stand up slowly: If you're experiencing lightheadedness or fainting when standing up, try standing up slowly to give your body time to adjust.
  4. Seek help for anxiety: If you're experiencing a lot of stress or anxiety, consider seeking help from a mental health professional. They can provide you with strategies to manage your anxiety and reduce your symptoms.

What you should look out for

  • If your symptoms worsen or don't improve after trying these strategies, you should seek medical attention.
  • If you experience severe symptoms such as a high fever, severe headache, chest pain, difficulty breathing, or loss of consciousness, seek emergency medical attention immediately.

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1 yr ago

Top picked over-the-counter products for Orthostatic Hypotension: American Heart Association Guidelines

People Also Ask


What are the common symptoms of dehydration and how can it be prevented?

Common symptoms of dehydration include thirst, dry mouth, dark urine, fatigue, dizziness, and confusion. It can be prevented by drinking plenty of fluids, especially water, throughout the day, eating foods with high water content, and avoiding excessive alcohol and caffeine.


How does heat exhaustion affect the body and what are the immediate steps to take if someone is experiencing it?

Heat exhaustion occurs when the body overheats, leading to symptoms like heavy sweating, weakness, dizziness, nausea, and confusion. Immediate steps include moving to a cooler place, drinking cool fluids, loosening clothing, and applying cool, wet cloths to the body.


What is orthostatic hypotension and how can it be managed in daily life?

Orthostatic hypotension is a form of low blood pressure that occurs when standing up, causing dizziness or fainting. It can be managed by standing up slowly, staying hydrated, wearing compression stockings, and avoiding alcohol.


How can anxiety or panic disorders lead to physical symptoms like dizziness and vision loss?

Anxiety or panic disorders can cause the body to react with physical symptoms such as dizziness, lightheadedness, and even temporary vision loss due to the body's 'fight or flight' response. Managing these conditions often involves therapy, medication, and stress-reduction techniques.


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