[35F] With acute nausea and vomiting

Patient Description

A 35-year-old female presents with acute onset of nausea and vomiting, which started approximately one hour ago. The vomiting is described as projectile, occurring twice within the hour, with each episode producing about a cup full of vomit. The patient reports that the nausea is constant but worsens just before vomiting. She also experiences cold, clammy skin but does not have a fever. Movement exacerbates the nausea, and she has not found any relief measures. The patient has not eaten since the symptoms began and has not identified any specific food triggers prior to the onset. There is no mention of severe abdominal pain or blood in the vomit.

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Arora's Assessment

What might be happening

Based on the information you have provided, here are some possible explanations for your symptoms:

  • Gastroenteritis: This is an inflammation of the stomach and intestines, often caused by a viral or bacterial infection. Symptoms can include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal cramps.

    • Treatment typically involves staying hydrated, resting, and sometimes taking over-the-counter medications to manage symptoms.
  • Food Poisoning: This occurs after consuming contaminated food or drink. Symptoms are similar to gastroenteritis and can include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and stomach pain.

    • Treatment involves hydration, rest, and avoiding solid foods until vomiting subsides.
  • Motion Sickness: This can cause nausea and vomiting, especially if movement worsens your symptoms.

    • Treatment includes avoiding movement, staying in a stable environment, and possibly taking over-the-counter medications like dimenhydrinate (Dramamine).
  • Migraine: Some migraines can cause nausea and vomiting, along with other symptoms like headache and sensitivity to light.

    • Treatment involves rest, hydration, and sometimes prescription medications to manage migraine symptoms.

What you can do

While you should consult a doctor for a formal diagnosis and treatment plan, here are some steps you can take to alleviate your symptoms:

  1. Stay Hydrated: Sip on clear fluids like water, broth, or an electrolyte solution to prevent dehydration.
  2. Rest: Try to rest in a comfortable position. Avoid unnecessary movement to minimize nausea.
  3. Avoid Solid Foods: Until the vomiting subsides, stick to clear liquids. Once you start feeling better, you can gradually introduce bland foods like crackers or toast.
  4. Over-the-Counter Medications: Consider taking anti-nausea medications like dimenhydrinate (Dramamine) if you suspect motion sickness or another cause that these medications can help with.

What you should look out for

Seek medical attention if you experience any of the following:

  • Severe Abdominal Pain: This could indicate a more serious condition that requires immediate medical attention.
  • Blood in Vomit: This is a concerning symptom that needs to be evaluated by a healthcare professional.
  • Dehydration: Signs include dry mouth, dark urine, and dizziness. If you can't keep fluids down, you may need medical intervention.
  • Persistent Symptoms: If your symptoms do not improve or worsen over the next few hours, consult a healthcare provider.

Remember, while this information can help guide you, it is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Please consult a healthcare provider for a formal diagnosis and treatment plan.

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8 mo ago

Top picked over-the-counter products for Irritable Bowel Syndrome: American College of Gastroenterology Guidelines

People Also Ask


What are the common causes of sudden nausea and vomiting?

Common causes of sudden nausea and vomiting include gastroenteritis, food poisoning, motion sickness, and migraines. Other potential causes could be stress, anxiety, or certain medications.


How can I differentiate between gastroenteritis and food poisoning?

Gastroenteritis and food poisoning have similar symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. However, food poisoning often occurs after consuming contaminated food and may affect others who ate the same food. Gastroenteritis can be viral or bacterial and may not always be linked to a specific food.


What are the signs that nausea and vomiting require immediate medical attention?

Immediate medical attention is needed if you experience severe abdominal pain, blood in vomit, signs of dehydration (such as dry mouth, dark urine, or dizziness), or if symptoms persist or worsen over time.


What are some effective home remedies for managing nausea and vomiting?

Effective home remedies for managing nausea and vomiting include staying hydrated with clear fluids, resting in a comfortable position, avoiding solid foods until symptoms improve, and using over-the-counter anti-nausea medications like dimenhydrinate (Dramamine) if appropriate.


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