[26F] With persistent nasal congestion and severe headache

Patient Description

A 26-year-old female has been experiencing nasal congestion for about a week, diagnosed as a viral upper respiratory infection. The nasal congestion is severe at night and moderate during the day, and it hasn't improved with Zyrtec. It worsens with exposure to dust, pollen, and strong odors, and is problematic both indoors and outdoors. The patient also reports a severe, aching, and throbbing headache located in the middle of the head, which started yesterday. Additional symptoms include facial pain or pressure, post-nasal drip, a lingering cough, trouble breathing through the nose (currently using a nasal strip), and changes in the sense of smell and taste. The patient has a history of sinus infections but has not been diagnosed with chronic sinusitis or allergic rhinitis. Current medications include Bromphen (10ml every 4 hours as needed), a nasal spray (dosage unknown), and Tylenol for the headache. There is no fever, chills, or sore throat, and no family history of allergies, asthma, or sinus problems.

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Arora's Assessment

What might be happening

Based on the information you have provided, here are some possible explanations for your symptoms:

  • Sinusitis (Sinus Infection): Given your nasal congestion, facial pain/pressure, post-nasal drip, and headache, it's possible you might have sinusitis. Sinusitis is an inflammation or swelling of the tissue lining the sinuses, which can be caused by a viral, bacterial, or fungal infection.

    • Treatment: Treatment typically includes decongestants, saline nasal sprays, and sometimes antibiotics if a bacterial infection is suspected. Over-the-counter pain relievers like Tylenol can help with headaches.
  • Allergic Rhinitis: Your symptoms could also be due to allergic rhinitis, especially since they worsen with exposure to dust, pollen, and strong odors. Allergic rhinitis is an allergic response to specific allergens.

    • Treatment: Treatment often involves antihistamines, nasal corticosteroids, and avoiding known allergens. Since Zyrtec hasn't helped, you might need a different antihistamine or a combination of medications.
  • Chronic Rhinosinusitis: Given your history of sinus infections, you might have chronic rhinosinusitis, which is a prolonged inflammation of the sinuses.

    • Treatment: Treatment may include nasal corticosteroids, saline nasal irrigation, and sometimes antibiotics or surgery in severe cases.

What you can do

While it's important to consult a healthcare provider for a formal diagnosis and treatment plan, here are some steps you can take to help alleviate your symptoms:

  1. Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of fluids to help thin mucus.
  2. Use a Humidifier: Adding moisture to the air can help ease nasal congestion.
  3. Saline Nasal Rinse: Use a saline nasal spray or rinse to help clear out mucus and allergens.
  4. Elevate Your Head: When sleeping, elevate your head with extra pillows to help reduce nasal congestion.
  5. Avoid Triggers: Try to avoid known allergens like dust, pollen, and strong odors.
  6. Over-the-Counter Medications: Continue using Bromphen and your nasal spray as directed. You might also consider trying a different antihistamine if Zyrtec hasn't been effective.
  7. Pain Relief: Continue taking Tylenol for your headache, but follow the dosage instructions carefully.

You can also use MDandMe to journal your symptoms, track your progress, get insights, and share longitudinal medical notes with your healthcare provider.

What you should look out for

Reasons to see a doctor more urgently include:

  • If your symptoms worsen or do not improve with over-the-counter treatments.
  • If you develop a high fever (temperature over 100.4°F) or chills.
  • If you experience severe facial pain or swelling.
  • If you notice any changes in vision or severe headaches that do not respond to pain relievers.

Remember, while I can provide information and suggestions, it's important to seek care from real health professionals to receive a formal diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

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3 mo ago


People Also Ask


What are the common symptoms of sinusitis?

Common symptoms of sinusitis include nasal congestion, facial pain or pressure, post-nasal drip, headache, reduced sense of smell, and sometimes fever. These symptoms can be caused by inflammation or infection of the sinuses.


How can I differentiate between a sinus infection and allergic rhinitis?

Sinus infections often present with facial pain, pressure, and thick nasal discharge, while allergic rhinitis is characterized by sneezing, itchy eyes, and clear nasal discharge. Allergic rhinitis symptoms are often triggered by exposure to allergens like pollen or dust.


What are some effective home remedies for nasal congestion?

Effective home remedies for nasal congestion include staying hydrated, using a humidifier, performing saline nasal rinses, and elevating your head while sleeping. These methods can help reduce congestion and ease breathing.


When should I see a doctor for sinus-related symptoms?

You should see a doctor if your symptoms worsen, do not improve with over-the-counter treatments, if you develop a high fever, experience severe facial pain or swelling, or have changes in vision or severe headaches that do not respond to pain relievers.


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