[21F] With chronic chest pain, shortness of breath, and blue fingernails

Patient Description

A 21-year-old female reports experiencing dull pain on the left side of her chest for the past two years, occurring almost daily and lasting for several hours. The pain is rated as 7 out of 10 in severity and worsens when standing or sitting upright, but subsides when lying down at a 45-degree angle. The pain gradually comes on and sometimes radiates to her arm, where she feels her veins cramping with even a little pressure. She also experiences shortness of breath, rated as 4 out of 10 in severity, and has noticed her fingernails turning dark blue occasionally over the past five months. Additionally, she has a productive cough, swelling in her stomach and part of her right gluteal muscle, and occasionally feels a weak pulse. She does not have a history of heart or lung disease, nor has she had any recent surgeries. She does not smoke or use recreational drugs and is not currently taking any medications or supplements. Her diet includes fatty foods, and she has a family history of heart problems with her mother. Her menstrual cycle has become irregular recently, with delays and prolonged pain.

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Arora's Assessment

What might be happening

Based on the symptoms you've described, here are some possible explanations:

  1. Cardiac Issues:

    • Angina or Coronary Artery Disease: The chest pain, especially when it worsens with activity and improves with rest, could be related to reduced blood flow to your heart. The blue fingernails (cyanosis) and shortness of breath are also concerning for potential heart issues.
    • Pericarditis: The fact that your pain improves when you lie down at a 45-degree angle suggests that inflammation of the lining around your heart could be a factor.
  2. Respiratory Issues:

    • Pulmonary Embolism: This is a serious condition where a blood clot travels to your lungs, causing chest pain, shortness of breath, and sometimes blue fingernails. Given your symptoms, this needs to be ruled out urgently.
    • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): Although less likely given your age and non-smoking status, the productive cough and shortness of breath could be related to a chronic lung condition.
  3. Other Potential Causes:

    • Anemia: This could explain the shortness of breath, blue fingernails, and fatigue. Anemia can also cause chest pain if your heart is working harder to supply oxygen to your body.
    • Musculoskeletal Issues: The pain in your chest and arm could be related to muscle strain or other musculoskeletal problems, especially given your inactivity.

What you can do

Cardiac Issues:

  • Seek Immediate Medical Attention: Given the severity and duration of your symptoms, you should see a doctor as soon as possible. If the pain becomes unbearable or you experience severe shortness of breath, go to the emergency room.
  • Lifestyle Changes: Reduce fatty foods in your diet and incorporate more fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. Regular physical activity, even light exercise, can improve heart health.

Respiratory Issues:

  • Consult a Doctor: A healthcare provider can perform tests like a chest X-ray, ECG, or blood tests to rule out serious conditions like pulmonary embolism or COPD.
  • Stay Active: Gentle exercises like walking can help improve lung function. Avoid exposure to pollutants and allergens that could worsen respiratory symptoms.

Other Potential Causes:

  • Monitor Symptoms: Keep a journal of your symptoms using MDandMe to track any changes or patterns. This can be helpful for your healthcare provider.
  • Stay Hydrated and Eat Well: Ensure you are eating a balanced diet and staying hydrated, which can help with overall health and potentially alleviate some symptoms.

What you should look out for

Given the severity of your symptoms, you should seek medical care as soon as possible. Reasons to seek care even more urgently include:

  • Severe Chest Pain: If the pain becomes unbearable or is accompanied by sweating, nausea, or vomiting.
  • Severe Shortness of Breath: If you find it difficult to breathe or if your shortness of breath worsens.
  • Fainting or Dizziness: If you feel like you might faint or if you experience severe dizziness.
  • Swelling: If the swelling in your stomach or gluteal muscle worsens or if you notice swelling in other parts of your body.

Remember, while I can provide information and suggestions, it's crucial to consult with a healthcare professional for a formal diagnosis and appropriate treatment. If you have more questions or need further assistance, feel free to continue the conversation.

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5 mo ago

People Also Ask


What could cause chest pain that worsens when standing or sitting upright but improves when lying down?

Chest pain that worsens when standing or sitting upright but improves when lying down could be indicative of pericarditis, which is inflammation of the lining around the heart. It can also be related to other cardiac issues such as angina, where blood flow to the heart is reduced.


Why might fingernails turn dark blue occasionally?

Fingernails turning dark blue, known as cyanosis, can occur when there is a lack of oxygen in the blood. This can be due to heart or lung issues, such as reduced blood flow or respiratory problems, and should be evaluated by a healthcare professional.


What are the potential causes of shortness of breath in a young adult with no history of smoking?

Shortness of breath in a young adult with no history of smoking could be caused by several factors, including anemia, cardiac issues like angina or pericarditis, or respiratory conditions such as asthma or a pulmonary embolism. It's important to consult a doctor for a proper diagnosis.


How can a family history of heart problems affect my health?

A family history of heart problems can increase your risk of developing similar conditions. It is important to monitor your heart health, maintain a healthy lifestyle, and consult with a healthcare provider for regular check-ups and screenings.


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